{"id":12691,"date":"2025-01-11T15:02:21","date_gmt":"2025-01-11T13:02:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/n1.bucurestizoo.ro\/?page_id=12691"},"modified":"2025-04-26T19:20:55","modified_gmt":"2025-04-26T17:20:55","slug":"vultur-american","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/bucurestizoo.ro\/en\/vultur-american\/","title":{"rendered":"Vultur American"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Vultur American<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Denumire \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103:<\/strong> Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Ordin:<\/strong> Accipitriformes
Familie:<\/strong> Accipitridae
Gen:<\/strong> Haliaeetus
Specie:<\/strong> Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Distribu\u021bie:<\/strong> America de Nord (SUA, Canada, nordul Mexicului)
Dimensiuni:<\/strong> 70-100 cm lungime, anvergura aripilor 180-230 cm
Greutate:<\/strong> 3-6,3 kg
Perioada de incubare:<\/strong> 34-36 zile
Num\u0103r de pui:<\/strong> 1-3
Speran\u021b\u0103 de via\u021b\u0103:<\/strong> 15-20 ani \u00een s\u0103lb\u0103ticie, \u00een captivitate mai mult<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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General:<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Vulturul cu cap alb, cunoscut \u0219i sub denumirile de acvila cu cap alb, vulturul de mare cu cap alb sau acvila american\u0103, se g\u0103se\u0219te \u00een toat\u0103 America de Nord, \u00een apropierea surselor de ap\u0103. Aceste p\u0103s\u0103ri r\u0103pitoare sunt originare din Canada, Statele Unite ale Americii, zone din Mexic, precum \u0219i din mai multe insule \u00een Oceanul Atlantic de Nord, inclusiv Saint Pierre \u0219i Miquelon. Popula\u021biile sunt r\u0103sp\u00e2ndite, \u00een special, \u00een Florida, Alaska, Pacificul de Nord-Vest \u0219i \u00een apropierea unor r\u00e2uri \u0219i lacuri din Midwest.<\/p>

\u00a0 Aceste p\u0103s\u0103ri parcurg etape de maturizare distincte. Imediat dup\u0103 eclozare, vulturii au ochi negri \u0219i picioare roz, pielea lor devenind \u00eentunecat\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la o nuan\u021b\u0103 alb\u0103struie \u0219i picioarele devin galbene \u00een primele 18-22 de zile din via\u021b\u0103. De-a lungul primului an, trupurile, ochii si ciocurile sunt de culoare maroniu \u00eenchis. \u00cen cel de-al doilea an, ochii lor se lumineaz\u0103, devin o nuan\u021b\u0103 de maro-gri, iar corpul lor devine alb str\u0103lucitor. \u00cen timpul celui de-al treilea an, ochii lor devin g\u0103lbui, iar penajul se deschide la culoare, \u00een timp ce \u00een al patrulea an, corpul lor devine \u00eentunecat, iar capul \u0219i coada devin, \u00een cea mai mare parte, albe. \u00cen final, coloritul p\u0103s\u0103rii mature este atins \u00een al cincilea an de via\u021b\u0103. Aceste p\u0103s\u0103ri pot fi diferen\u021biate prin culoarea alb\u0103 a capului \u0219i a cozii, av\u00e2nd capetele mai lungi \u0219i cozi mai scurte dec\u00e2t majoritatea vulturilor.<\/p>

\u00a0 Percep\u021bia vizual\u0103 a vulturului cu cap alb este de opt ori mai bun\u0103 dec\u00e2t a omului \u0219i este stereoscopic\u0103.<\/p>

\u00a0 Viteza \u00een picaj este de 75 km\/h, vitez\u0103 atins\u0103 doar pentru a prinde prada cu ghearele lor foarte ascu\u021bite. Este un zbur\u0103tor abil, folosind, la maxim, curen\u021bii de aer.<\/p>

\u00cen ceea ce prive\u0219te reproducerea, vulturul cu cap alb este orientat c\u0103tre sistemul monogam. Se consider\u0103 c\u0103 aceste p\u0103s\u0103ri \u00ee\u0219i aleg parteneri pe via\u021b\u0103 sau p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd un membru al familiei moare. De\u0219i nu migreaz\u0103, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu partenerul, efectueaz\u0103 demonstra\u021bii extrem de spectaculoase atunci c\u00e2nd se \u00eent\u00e2lnesc \u00een sezonul de \u00eemperechere. Vulturul cu capul alb \u00eencepe s\u0103 se reproduc\u0103 la v\u00e2rsta de 5 ani. Masculii \u0219i femelele \u00ee\u0219i construiesc cuibul \u00eempreun\u0103, cu aproximativ 1-3 luni \u00eenainte de depunerea ou\u0103lelor. Cuiburile lor sunt compuse din paie \u0219i pot fi de dimensiuni foarte mari, masive, deoarece p\u0103s\u0103rile folosesc, de obicei, acela\u0219i cuib \u00een ani consecutivi, aduc\u00e2ndu-i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021biri \u00een fiecare an. Cu toate acestea, cuiburile nu sunt reutilizate, \u00een general, at\u00e2t de mult, \u00een medie cuiburile din sudul Floridei \u0219i Saskatchewan \u2013 Canada, fiind folosite aproximativ 5 ani, iar cuiburile din Alaska, \u00een medie 13 ani. Este simbolul na\u021bional al Statelor Unite ale Americii. Contrar credin\u021bei populare, vulturii cu cap alb nu emit un sunet puternic \u0219i impun\u0103tor<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Habitat:<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Zone de coast\u0103, lacuri, r\u00e2uri, mla\u0219tini. Vulturul cu cap alb este o pas\u0103re r\u0103pitoare din America de Nord.<\/p>

El prefer\u0103, \u00een mod obi\u0219nuit, zonele din apropierea unor surse mari de ap\u0103, cum ar fi coastele maritime, estuarele de coast\u0103 \u0219i lacurile \u0219i r\u00e2urile interioare, aceste p\u0103s\u0103ri fiind v\u0103zute \u0219i la aproximativ 3 km distan\u021b\u0103 de o surs\u0103 de ap\u0103. De\u0219i, habitatele lor specifice pot varia, selec\u021bia acestora se realizeaz\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de disponibilitatea pr\u0103zii, a copacilor \u00eenal\u021bi \u0219i de gradul de perturbare uman\u0103. De obicei, zonele populate de oameni sunt evitate, vulturii put\u00e2nd renun\u021ba la hrana lor dac\u0103 sunt deranja\u021bi de oameni.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Hran\u0103:<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Pe\u0219te, p\u0103s\u0103ri, mamifere mici, hoituri. Fiind p\u0103s\u0103ri oportuniste, acestea au o diet\u0103 destul de variat\u0103, dar, \u00een general, prefer\u0103 pe\u0219tele, \u0219i anume: p\u0103str\u0103vul, anghila american\u0103, somnul alb, somonul, macroul, codul. Modalitatea de hr\u0103nire cu pe\u0219te nu se realizeaz\u0103 prin scufundare, ci \u00ee\u0219i folosesc ghearele lor puternice \u0219i ascu\u021bite pentru a aduce pe\u0219tele la suprafa\u021ba apei. O alt\u0103 mare component\u0103 a dietei lor const\u0103 \u00een hr\u0103nirea cu p\u0103s\u0103ri adulte de ap\u0103, inclusiv cu ou\u0103lele lor, precum, g\u00e2\u0219te de z\u0103pad\u0103, lebede de tundr\u0103 \u0219i altele. Pe perioada iernii, dieta lor se orienteaz\u0103 c\u0103tre mamifere mici.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Conservare:<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Starea de conservare a vulturilor cu cap alb s-a schimbat considerabil \u00een ultimul timp. \u00cencep\u00e2nd cu 28 iunie 2007 aceste p\u0103s\u0103ri au fost eliminate de pe lista speciilor \u00een pericol de dispari\u021bie, unde au fost listate \u00eenc\u0103 din 1978. \u00cen statul Washington, aceste p\u0103s\u0103ri au \u00eenregistrat, \u00eentre anii 1981 \u0219i 2005, o cre\u0219tere a popula\u021biei cu aproximativ 9% anual. Vulturii cu cap alb sunt lista\u021bi, \u00een prezent, ca specii cu risc sc\u0103zut de dispari\u021bie, conform IUCN.Popula\u021bia s-a ref\u0103cut spectaculos dup\u0103 ce fusese pe cale de dispari\u021bie \u00een anii \u201960 din cauza pesticidului DDT.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vultur American Denumire \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103: Haliaeetus leucocephalusOrdin: AccipitriformesFamilie: AccipitridaeGen: HaliaeetusSpecie: Haliaeetus leucocephalusDistribu\u021bie: America de Nord (SUA, Canada, nordul Mexicului)Dimensiuni: 70-100 cm lungime, anvergura aripilor 180-230 cmGreutate: 3-6,3 kgPerioada de incubare: 34-36 zileNum\u0103r de pui: 1-3Speran\u021b\u0103 de via\u021b\u0103: 15-20 ani \u00een s\u0103lb\u0103ticie, \u00een captivitate mai mult General: Vulturul cu cap alb, cunoscut \u0219i sub denumirile de acvila … Continue reading Vultur American<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12691","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bucurestizoo.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12691","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bucurestizoo.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bucurestizoo.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucurestizoo.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bucurestizoo.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12691"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/bucurestizoo.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12691\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15659,"href":"https:\/\/bucurestizoo.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12691\/revisions\/15659"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bucurestizoo.ro\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12691"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}